Neurodiversity in womens health

These neurological differences include:

• dyspraxia (also called Developmental Coordination Disorder, or DCD) 
• dyscalculia 
• attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 
• autism spectrum condition (ASC)
• Tourette’s.

These conditions very often co-occur, and many symptoms overlap. All experiences are different and influenced by intersectionality. Neurodiverse groups may be more highly represented in health and social care professions than the general population and are underdiagnosed in women and girls.   

Neurotypical means that the brain learns, functions and processes information in the way society expects and is designed. About 15 per cent of the population are neurodivergent. This means the brain learns, functions and processes information differently. Many of the challenges neurodivergent people experience are due to the barriers caused by the expectations and design of the neurotypical society we live in. Removing these barriers can build a more inclusive society valuing individual strengths and differences.

Limited research exists on the subject of women's health and neurodiversity. However, it is documented that autistic people often have worse physical and mental health, shorter lives, and higher suicide risk than others. 10% of the respondents identified as being autistic or neuro divergent in the Women’s Health Strategy. 

There is evidence that neurodiverse women experience increased difficulties in menstruation and menopause and that they may be less well informed on issues such as the menopause, periods, and sexual health than neurotypical people. Women with learning disabilities and autism are almost four times less likely to go for cervical cancer screening tests (Dimensions, 2023).

Barriers to care include:

• professionals understanding of needs and misinterpretation of behaviour
• sensory issues
• anxiety
• communication issues
• issues with transitions/change/organisation.

The Oliver McGowan Mandatory Training on Learning Disability and Autism (NHS England) is the UK government’s preferred and recommended training for health and social care staff.

• RCN: What is neurodiversity?
• RCN: Support for neurodivergent nursing staff. Guidance for neurodivergent nurses, nursing support workers and nursing students.
• RCN: Neurodiversity guidance for managers.
• RCN (2024): Cervical Screening for Physically Disabled Women and Autistic Women
• RCN (2025): The principles of neurodiversity in nursing practice